The Impact of Global Climate Change to the Balance of Water Resource in the Upper Bengawan Solo Watershed

Abstract

Climate change impacts greatly to the condition of water resource in the Upper Bengawan Solo watershed.Moreover, it also contributes to some disasters, such as floods, drought, and landslide. The purposes of this research were (a) identification of any available water resource, and the critical situation of water resources in the research areas; and (b) identification of water needs at the present and for the future.The method used in this research was survey-based method. This method employed two kinds of approaches: watershedbiophysics approach and meteorologist.The data analysis techniques used in this research were descriptive and quantitative. The results of the research were (a) based on the calculation of general water balance, the research areas hadbothsurplus and deficit water supply. Water surplus was found in some watersheds such as Bambang, Dengkeng, Jlantah Walikun, Keduang village, Mungkung, Pepe, and Samin. On the other hand, water deficit was found in Alang Unggahan, and Wiroko TemonWatershed.It was also found that the water availability in the research areaswas 37.459,80 to142.892,59 liter/dm3. The water need found in the research areas was 50.782.500 to131.690.700 liter. Since water availability in the research areascouldnot fulfill the water needs, therefore the areas couldbe categorized as very critical, and (b) the level of water needs in the areas was 50.782.500 - 131.690.700 and the projection of the water needs for fiveyears later or in 2018 will be544.510.800 - 5.264.009.700 liter