PEMANFAAATAN CITRA LANDSAT 7 ENHANCHED THEMATIC MAPPER UNTUK PENENTUAN WILAYAH PRIORITAS PENANGANAN BANJIR BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (SIG)

Abstract

Satellite image have been developed to solve various of social problems, including the problem of flooding, dryness, wildfires, production estimation, and so on. Landsat 7 ETM advantage can be utilized for various of studies and applications, one of which is to study the flood. From the Landsat 7 ETM, can be extracted parameters for the determination of the detailed flood vulnerability. This paper will examine how the determination of flood-prone areas and determination of flood hazard area using Landsat 7 ETM, and how the determination of flood mitigation priority areas using Landsat 7 ETM based on GIS. The main data source of the research is Landsat 7 ETM with digital interpretation. From the result of scoring parameters required for the determination of flood vulnerability map obtained vulnerability to flooding. Flood hazard map obtained from overlay of the flood vulnerability map with land use map. From the overlay of flood hazard map with population density will be determined of flood mitigation priority areas. The results are as follows: (1). Landsat 7 ETM can be used for vulnerability assessment and hazard of flooding. From the Landsat 7 ETM, can be extracted some parameters needed in determining the level of vulnerability of floods, among others : slope, landforms, land use, soil moisture, drainage and soil permeability. Based on the results of scoring parameters used for determining the level of flood vulnerability, will derived classes of flood vulnerability. Flood vulnerability of the class map derived from Landsat 7 ETM image analysis, can be to analyzed of the level of flood hazard areas. Level of flood hazard obtained from the overlay of the flood hazard map with land use map that provides information of human existence on a particular land use, so it can be used as a factor determining the level of flood hazard. Increasingly intensive human presence in a particular land use, the more increased level of flood hazard/ (2). Landsat 7 ETM can be used for the determination of flood mitigation priority areas. From the areas prone to flooding and a flood hazard area, can be determined which is the priority area of flood management, which is obtained from overlay of the flood hazard map with population density data. Areas with high population density, is a priority area in the handling of the flood. With the identification of priority areas which are flood mitigation, treatment will be done properly, so it will be able to minimize the number of casualties in the event of flooding. Thus the determination of the priority areas of this flood is important, because information about the priority areas of flood mitigation is necessary in order to deal with disaster preparedness 3). The use of Landsat 7 ETM imagery for vulnerability assessment and determination of flood hazard and flood mitigation priority areas, proved to be more efficient in terms of time, effort, and costs required when compared with terrestrial surveys, with an acceptable level of accuracy. Through the integration of remote sensing and GIS will be able to obtain the results of vulnerability analysis and determination of flood hazard and flood mitigation priority areas optimally.