EFEK PENDIDIKAN GIZI DAN SUPLEMENTASI KOMBINASI BESI DAN VITAMIN C TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR YANG ANEMIA DI WILAYAH SUKOHARJO

Abstract

Background : Anemia is the major health problem for half of the children in the developing countries including in Indonesia. It is expected that by giving nutrition education to the anemic school age children, their nutritional knowledge and their diet pattern improve. Their better food intake especially higher iron intake will then increase their hemoglobin levels. Objective : The study was conducted to investigate the effect of iron and vitamin C supplementation, as well as nutrition education on hemoglobin levels of the anemic school age children in Kartasura, Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Methods : This study was a quasy experimental research with a pretest post test control group design. The research was conducted on 75 subjects who were divided into two groups, iron (60 mg) and vitamin C (60 mg) group, and iron (60 mg), vitamin C (60 mg), and nutrition education group. The supplementation was given twice a week in 12 weeks, whereas nutrition education was carried out comprehensively using booklet to the students, their parents and the class teachers. The nutrition education was given to the children once a week. This nutrition education was also performed for the class teachers and the parents once in four weeks for 12 weeks. Results : The level of hemoglobin and the nutrition knowledge of the three groups were all increased. The group who received iron and vitamin C nutrition education had the higher increase in their hemoglobin level (0.1 point). All of the groups had significantly higher hemoglobin level after the intervention (p<0.05). However, the intake of the anemic children in the two groups did not different (p>0.05). Conclusion : There were significant different between the combination of nutrition education with iron and vitamin C supplementation improved the hemoglobin levels of the anemic school children better than nutrition education or supplementation in isolated provision.