Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Wanita Tidak Periksa Pap Smear di Kecamatan Kartasura Sukoharjo

Abstract

Cancer cervix (Ca cervix) is the second most common incidence and mortality rate in the world. The incidence of women with Ca cervix is 493.243 people/year and the mortality rate of this disease is 273.505 people/year. In developing countries, Ca cervix is the most leading cause of mortality because of cancer in women of reproductive age, which is almost 80% of cases. Among developing countries, Indonesia become the first rank with the incidence is 15.050 cases/year and the mortality is 7.566 people/year. In Central Java in 2004, there are 79.42 cases/ year and in 2005 there are 2.076 cases (19.70%) per year. The total case of Ca cervic in all of Primary Health Care and Hospital in Sukoharjo District in 2009 is 136 cases. The high rate of mortality and morbidity of Ca cervix usually was found in the late stage because of the low awareness of early detection with pap smear. To determine factors associated with women who not taking pap smear testin Kartosuro, Sukoharjo District. Design of the study was cros sectional with quantitative survey. Sampling method using proportionate stratified random sampling and the number of respondents were 220. Instruments of the study were questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed using bivariat technique with Rank Sperman Test. Majority of respondents was 20-35 years old (61.8%), highest education was high school (41.4%), and the number of children was 2-5 (66.8%). The percentage of respondents with high knowledge was 70.9% and low knowledge was 29.1%, good attitude 90.9% and less attitude was 9.1%. The majority of level of socio economic status of respondents was level II of prosperous which was 44.1 %, and the perception of respondents which was categorized pap smear as high cost was 55%, average cost was 40.9%, and low cost was 4.1%. Analysis bivariat of variables associated with behaviour of not taking pap smear test were knowledge (p:0,004), attitude (p: 0,15), level of education (p:0,017), level of socio economic (p:0,002), and perception of cost (p:0,018). The efforts of increasing the successful of Ca cervix screening with pap smear test needs to consider the increasing of knowledge, attitude, behaviour, cosioeconomic level, and cost affordability