Screening Antibacterial Potency of Metabolite Endophytic Fungi Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Leaf

Abstract

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a tropical plant which fruit peel is widely used as an antioxidant, anti-diarrhea, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and as an antibacterial. The previous study found the antibacterial activities of extract and metabolites endophytic fungi of mangosteen rind. In this research endophytic fungi was isolated from leaf of mangosteen. This research was aimed to explore utilization of mangosteen leaf and to screen antibacterial potency of the mangosteen leaf endophytic fungi metabolites. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf of mangosteen in the Malt Extract Agar (MEA) medium in order to get 2 colonies of endophytic fungi. Screening of potential antibacterial metabolites was assessed using diffusion method and bioautography, obtained results of the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (Ec) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) on the metabolites endophytic fungi of leaf. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics from fungi isolate which has antibacterial potency, was observed and fermented into Potatoes Dextrose Yeast (PDY) medium for 14 days. At 14th day, biomass and supernatant were separated and carried out separation by liquid-liquid extraction. The supernatant and biomass were fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Each fraction was eluated to several mobile phase and tested its antibacterial activity against Ec and Sa. The result showed that there is a potential antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi metabolites leaf ED2 against Sa. Bioautography result was observed thatthe compound has antibacterial activity and is supposed as flavonoid compounds. It was supposed that endophytic fungi ED2 was a group of Trichoderma.