Korelasi Anemia, Umur Dan Status Gizi Ibu Hamil Terhadap Berat Badan Bayi Baru Lahir

Abstract

The high prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in the area of Jepara district health centers could increase the risk of the birth of babies with low birth weight, as one of etiologies of neonatal mortality. Consequently a study is needed that aims to identify differences in newborn anthropometric measurement in pregnant women with anemia versus non-anemia and to determine the correlation between anemia in pregnancy and newborn anthropometric measures. This research was conducted with correlational analysis and cross sectional approach. Research subjects were examined for hemoglobin level of 152 parturients and the newborn infants for anthropometric. Data analysis used chi square and Mann- Whitney tests, and Rank-Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the nutritional status of pregnant women with anemia had a significant difference with non-anemic pregnant women with p-value<0.001. Newborns from pregnant women with anemia had sizes of birth weight, body length, head circumference and chest circumference smaller than newborns from pregnant women with no-anemia with p- value <0.001. Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between the severity of anemia with newborn anthropometric with the value of r =-0.403 to -0.707, the correlation was significant with p-value<0.001. Multivariate analysis show the most dominant factor for newborn anthropometric are anemia and mid arm circumference of pregnant women, anthropometric variation 47,7%. Conclusion: Anthropometric of term newborns of pregnant women with moderate/severe anemia are smaller compared with those of newborns of pregnant women with mild anemia, and newborns of pregnant women with mild anemia have a size smaller than newborns of pregnant women who are non-anemic. The more severe the anemia in pregnant women, the smaller the average size of anthropometry in infants will be.