| dc.identifier.citation | Akbarian, S., Huang, H.S. 2006. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of altered GAD1/ GAD67 expression in schizophrenia and related disorders. Brain Res Rev,52:293-304. Anonim. 2009. Menghapus Stigma Skizofrenia, http://cpddokter.com/home/index.php?option=co m_content&task=view&id=1420&Itemid=38, diakses 7 Juli 2012 Arif, I.S. 2006. Skizofrenia, Memahami Dinamika Keluarga Pasien. Bandung : PT Refika Aditama. Axelrod J., 1957, O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols in vitro and in vivo, Science, 126(3270):400–401. Babulas V, Factor-Litvak P, Goetz R, Schaefer CA, Brown AS. 2006. Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Genital and Reproductive Infections and Adult Schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry, 163:927-9. Bertocci, B., V & Miggiano. 1991. "Human catechol-O-methyltransferase: cloning and expression of the membrane associated form." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88(4): 1416-1420. 10.1073/pnas.88.4.1416 Brown AS. 2006. Prenatal Infection as A Risk Factor for Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull, 200-2. Chen, C. H., Y. R. Lee. 1997. "Association Study of Nlaii and Mspi Genetic Polymorphisms of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene and Susceptibility to Schizophrenia." Biol Psychiatry 41(9): 985-990 Daniels, J. K., N. M. Williams. 1996. "No Evidence for Allelic Association Between Schizophrenia and A Polymorphism Determining High or Low Catechol O-Methyltransferase Activity." Am J Psychiatry. Dean K, &Murray, R.M. 2005. Environmental Risk Factors for Psychosis. Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 1:69-80. Frankle, W.G., Lerma, J., Laruelle, M., 2003. The synaptic hypothesis of schizophrenia. Neuron, 39, 205–216 Galehdari, H., Ajam, T., Pooryasin, A., Foroughmand,A.M., Kazeminejad, S.R., 2010, Combined effect of polymorphic sites in the DTNBP1 and GRIN1 genes on schizophrenia, Med.J. of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 24 ( 1): 5-10 Gourion, D., Goldberger, C., Leroy, S., Bourdel, M.C, Olie, J.P, Krebs, M.O. 2005. Age at Onset of Schizophrenia: Interaction Between Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Dopamine D3 Receptor Gene Variants. Neuroreport, 16:140710. Grossman, M. H.,& Emanuel,1992. Chromosomal Mapping of The Human catecholO-methyltransferase gene to 22q11.1----q11.2. Genomics 12(4): 822-825. Guillin, O., Demily, C., Thibaut, F. 2007. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Schizophrenia and Its Relation with Dopamine. Int Rev Neurobiol. 78:377-95. Guldberg, H. C. and C. A. Marsden ,1975.Catechol-O-methyl transferase: pharmacological aspects and physiological role. Pharmacol Rev 27(2): 135-206. Gupta S, Kulhara P., 2010, What is schizophrenia: A neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorder or a combination of both? A critical analysis., Indian J Psychiatry.52(1):21-7. Harrison, P.J. & Weinberger, D.R. 2005. Scizophrenia Genes, Gene Expression, and Neuropathology: On The Matter of their Convergence. Mol Psychiatry, 10: 40-68. Harrison, P.J. 1999. The Neuropathology of Schizophrenia. A Critical Review of The Data and Their Interpretation. Brain, 122:593-624. Heinz, A., Romero, B., Gallinat, J., Juckel, G., Weinberger, D.R., 2003. Molecular brain imaging and the neurobiology and genetics of schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry 36, S152– S157. Hirvonen, M., Laakso, A., Nagren, K., Rinne, J.O, Pohjalainen, T., Hietala, J. 2004. C957T Polymorphism of The Dopamine D2 Receptor (DRD2) Gene Affects Striatal DRD2 Availability in Vivo. Mol Psychiatry, 9:1060-1. Hoda, F., D. & Nicholl, 1996. "No Association between Parkinson's Disease and Low-Activity Alleles of Catechol O-Methyltransferase." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 228(3): 780-784. Hodkinson, C.A., Goldman, D., Jaeger, J., Persaud, S., Kane, J.M., Lipsky, R.H., et al., 2004. Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1): association with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. American Journal of Human Genetics 75, 862–872. Kanazawa, T., Glatt, S.J, Kia-Keating B, Yoneda H, Tsuang, M.T, 2007, Meta-Analysis Reveals No Association of The Val66Met Polymorphism of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor with Either Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder. Psychiatr Genet 2007;17:165-70 Karayiorgou, M.,& Altemus, 1997. "Genotype Determining Low Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Activity as A Risk Factor for ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(9): 4572-4575. Lachman, H. M., D. F. Papolos, 1996. Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacogenetics ,6(3): 243-250. Lang, U.L., Puls, I., Muller, D.J., StrutzSeebohn, N.m Gallinat, J., 2007, Molecular mechanism of schizophrenia, Celluler physiology and biochemistry, 20: 687-702 Lewis, D.A., Lieberman, J.A., 2000. Catching up on schizophrenia: natural history and neurobiology. Neuron, 28, 325–334. Li, T., H. & Vallada, 1997. "Catechol-OMethyltransferase Val158Met Polymorphism: Frequency Analysis in Han Chinese Subjects and Allelic Association of The Low Activity Allele with Bipolar Affective Disorder. Pharmacogenetics 7(5): 349-353. Lotta, T., J.& Vidgren, 1995. Kinetics of Human Soluble and Membrane-Bound Catechol OMethyltransferase: A Revised Mechanism and Description of The Thermolabile Variant of The Enzyme. Biochemistry 34(13): 4202-4210. Lundorf MD, Buttenschon HN, Foldager L, Blackwood DH, Muir WJ, Murray V, Pelosi AJ, Kruse TA, Ewald H, Mors O, 2005. Mutational Screening and Association Study of Glutamate Decarboxylase 1 As A Candidate Susceptibility Gene for Bipolar Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet., 135:94-101 Lundstrom, K.,& Salminen. 1991. Cloning and Characterization of Human Placental CatecholO-Methyltransferase cDNA. DNA Cell Biol 10(3): 181-189. Mangalore R, and Knapp M. 2007. Cost of Schizophrenia in England, J Ment Health Policy Econ.10(1):23-41. Mannisto, P. T. and S. Kaakkola 1999.CatecholO-methyltransferase (COMT): Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, and Clinical Efficacy of The New Selective COMT Inhibitors. Pharmacol Rev 51(4): 593-628. Millar, J.K., Christie, S., Anderson, S., Lawson, D., Hsiao-Wei Loh, D., Devon, R.S., Arveiler, B., et al., 2001. Genomic structure and localisation within a linkage hotspot of Disrupted In Schizophrenia 1, a gene disrupted by a translocation segregating with schizophrenia. Molecular Psychiatry 6, 173–178. Millar, J.K.,Wilson-Annan, J.C.,Anderson, S.,Christie, S., Taylor, M.S., Semple, C.A., et al., 2000. Disruption of two novel genes by a translocation cosegregating with schizophrenia. Human Molecular Genetics 90, 1415–1423 Mueser, K.T., McGurk, S.R., 2004. Schizophrenia. Lancet, 363, 2063–2072. Muller N, & Schwarz M,2006, Schizophrenia as An Inflammation-Mediated Dysbalance of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission. Neurotox Res., 10:131-48. Ohara, K., & Nagai, 1998. Low Activity Allele of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene and Japanese Unipolar Depression. Neuroreport 9(7): 1305-1308. Okochi, T., & Ikeda, 2009. Meta-Analysis of Association between Genetic Variants in COMT and Schizophrenia: An Update, Schizophr Res 110(1-3): 140-148 Owen, M.J., Williams N.M., O'Donovan M.C. 2004. The Molecular Genetics of Scizophrenia: New Findings Promise New Insights. Mol Psychiatry, 9: 14-27. Porteous, D.J., Thomson, P., Brandon, N.J., Millar, J.K., 2006. The genetics and biology of DISC1—an emerging role in psychosis and cognition. Biological Psychiatry 60, 123–131. Raedler TJ, Knable MB, Weinberger, D.R. 1998. Schizophrenia as A Developmental Disorder of The Cerebral Cortex. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 8:157-61. Sawamura N, & Sawa A. 2006. Disrupted-In Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1): A Key Susceptibility Factor for Major Mental Illnesses. Ann N Y Acad Sci., 1086:126-33. Sinaga, B.R, 2007. Skizofrenia dan Diagnosis Banding.Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran. Hal 1415,70. Jakarta : Universitas Indonesia. Staddon S, Arranz MJ, Mancama D, PerezNievas F, Arrizabalaga I, Anney R, Buckland P, Elkin A, Osborne S, Munro J, Mata I, Kerwin RW. 2005. Association between Dopamine D3 Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Schizophrenia in An Isolate Population. Schizophr Res.,73:49-54 Stefansson H, Sigurdsson E, Steinthorsdottir V, Bjornsdottir S, Sigmundsson T, Ghosh S. 2002. Neuregulin 1 and Susceptibility to Schizophrenia. Am J Hum Genet, 23,71: 877– 892. Straub RE, Jiang Y, MacLean CJ, Ma Y, Webb BT, Myakishev MV. 2002. Genetic Variation in The 6p22.3 Gene DTNBP1, The Human Ortholog of The Mouse Dysbindin Gene, Is Associated With Schizophrenia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 71: 337-348. Torrey EF, Bartko JJ, Lun ZR, Yolken RH. 2007. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis. Schizophr Bull., 33:729-36. Tuominen HJ, Tiihonen J, Wahlbeck K. 2005. Glutamatergic Drugs for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Schizophr Res., 72:225-34. Weickert CS, Straub RE, McClintock BW. 2004, Human Dysbindin (DTNBP1) Gene Expression in Normal Brain and in Schizophrenic Prefrontal Cortex And Midbrain. Arch Gen Psychiatry.,61: 544-55. Weinberger, D.R., 1987. Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , 44, 660– 669. WHO.2011.schizophrenia,http://www.who.int/m ental_health/management/schizophrenia/en/ (diakses 7 Juli 2012). Zhang XY, Zhou DF, Zhang PY, Wu GY, Cao LY, Shen YC. 2002. Elevated Interleukin-2, Interleukin-6 And Interleukin-8 Serum Levels in Neuroleptic-Free Schizophrenia: Association with Psychopathology.Schizophr Res., 57:24758. | en_US |
