| dc.description.abstract | Borobudur is a famous tourism destination which is listed as a World Heritage Site listed in
1991. Recently the condition of the temple is threatened with many problems related to tourist behaviors,
overcrowded vendors and traders, as well as managerial issues. This research was carried out with literature
study, field observation, peer discussion and seminar. Reflecting the history, this research tried to
explain the rise and fall of civilization. This research tried to explain Borobudur as magnet for tourism
destination and tourism as locomotive for community and regional development. There are five reasons
why glory of civilization can fall even dramatically: (1) horizontal conflicts among social groups; (2)
intrigue and struggle for power among elite leaders; (3) expansion and occupation from foreign power; (4)
environmental degradation; and (5) disasters like volcanic eruption, earthquake and tsunami. Borobudur
has many enigmas, when and why the fall of its civilization. It is not easy to explain these enigmas.The
results of this research are: (1) It is possible combination of causes the fall of Borobudur civilization,
but the most possible was volcanic eruptions of Merapi. (2) Borobudur has problems related to the tourist
number who disturb the stone relief and statues when they climb up the temple (3) Tourists disappointed
to lack of hospitality and low quality of services provided by the management as well as the vendors and
traders. (4) The problems of conservation related to environmental changes. Among others, prime recommendation
is “Rethinking Borobudur” to get new alternative and strategy to manage this world heritage. | en_US |
