Effect Of Iron Supplementation During Pregnancy On Neonatal Death In Indonesia (IDHS Secondary Data Analysis 2012)

Abstract

One of the biggest nutrition problems for pregnant women is nutrition anemia which is the most common and widespread in the world (WHO, 2015). In Indonesia, 37.1% pregnant women suffer from this health problem. It is estimated that a half of anemia cases are caused by a deficiency of iron (WHO, 2014). Additional iron becomes one of the components of antenatal care which is expected to reduce neonatal mortality. Based on data SDKI 2012, only 33% of pregnant women who were provided by 90 iron tablets or more. The consequences of this deficiency include premature birth, complication, low birth weight, as well as neonatal mortality. The research was aimed to find out the influence of iron consumption during pregnancy on neonatal death in Indonesia in 2012. It used cross sectional design with a total sample of 13.917 neonatal who was born in 2007-2012 and 139 of them were neonatal mortality. This research found that there was a relationship between iron supplementation taken for 30-59 days during pregnancy with the incidence of neonatal death. Mothers who took iron for 30-59 days during pregnancy increased neonatal mortality by 2.56 times compared to mothers who consumed ≥ 120 days (95% CI = 1.12 to 5.81). The variables were mother’s age when gave birth, occupation, type of birth, father’s education, birth weight, antenatal care, and complications. The government should increase the standard of iron consumption during pregnancy at least for 90 days to reduce the anemia during pregnancy.