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dc.contributor.authorMutalazimah, Mutalazimah
dc.contributor.authorZulaekah, Siti
dc.date.accessioned2012-04-17T02:57:05Z
dc.date.available2012-04-17T02:57:05Z
dc.date.issued2012
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dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11617/819
dc.description.abstractDefisiensi yodium merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius, mengingat dampaknya sangat besar terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Defisiensi yodium yang juga disebut iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) menyebabkan berbagai sindrom gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY). Indonesia menjadikan GAKY sebagai masalah gizi utama, karena sejumlah 42 juta penduduk tinggal di daerah endemis GAKY, 10 juta menderita gondok dan 750 ribu menderita kretin. Hasil survei di seluruh Indonesia menunjukkan peningkatan prevalensi Total Goiter Rate (TGR) dari 9,8% pada tahun 1998 menjadi sebesar 11,1% pada tahun 2003. Gangguan fungsi tiroid pada wanita terjadi 4 – 10 kali lebih sering dibandingkan pada pria, khususnya pada masa usia subur, sehingga direkomendasikan untuk melakukan skrining pada wanita secara teratur terutama yang berumur lebih dari 35 tahun, bahkan semakin muda umur semakin baik untuk mempersiapkan kehamilan tetapi di Indonesia tidak biasa dilakukan pemeriksaan rutin sebagai deteksi dini gangguan tersebut termasuk pada wanita hamil (Susanto, 2006). Tidak terdeteksinya wanita usia subur yang menderita hipotiroid akan menimbulkan risiko kehamilan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan congenital hypothyroidism, kretinisme, keterbelakangan mental, gangguan perkembangan psikomotor dan menurunnya kecerdasan pada anak yang akan dilahirkannya karena IQ anak menjadi lebih rendah 4 sampai 7 poin. Berbagai sindrom yang tercakup dalam aspek biologis dan psikososial pada kondisi defisiensi yodium dan berdampak pada gangguan perilaku, dapat dijadikan dasar penyusunan instrumen sebagai alternatif metode skrining yang harus memenuhi syarat, tidak saja lebih komprehensif dan teruji reliabilitasnya, tetapi juga harus memenuhi beberapa kriteria uji diagnostik, yakni nilai diagnostiknya tidak jauh berbeda dengan uji diagnostik standar, memberi kenyamanan yang lebih bagi pasien, lebihmudah dan sederhana (user friendly), lebih murah serta dapat mendiagnosis pada fase lebih dini. Senada dengan hal tersebut, beberapa hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pengembangan dan validasi kuesioner untuk skrining, merupakan langkah awal dalam upaya diagnosis selanjutnya. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, pengembangan instrumen harus didasarkan pada professional judgment group yang bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas validitas isi, meskipun disisi yang lain memerlukan waktu dan proses lebih lama. Dengan dikembangkannya instrumen defisiensi yodium, maka pemantauan terhadap prevalensi hipotiroid dapat dilakukan secara rutin melalui puskesmas dan dapat segera direncanakan program-program intervensi untuk menanggulangi serta mencegah berlanjutnya hipotiroid pada kondisi secondary disorder atau progression to overt disease. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 57 item didapatkan 19 item yang mempunyai nilai selisih maksimal 3 atau sebesar 33,3%. Adapun 19 item tersebut adalah rasa penuh/sesak pada leher, visible goitre pada leher bagian depan, palpable goitre pada leher bagian depan, rasa ada tekanan pada kerongkongan, rasa sakit pada bagian depan kerongkongan, merasa ada gumpalan atau kotoran pada kerongkongan, tidak nyaman saat menelan, sulit menelan, perubahan suara/parau, sensitif terhadap suhu dingin/cold tolerance, edema (puffiness muka/tangan/kaki), ,konstipasi(frekuensi/konsistensi abnormal), muscle cramps, kaku/nyeri sendi, heavy menstruation, sering berfikir serius, merasa sulit untuk rileks, sulit beristirahat (tidur tidak nyenyak) dan mudah marah.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipReguler Kompetitifen_US
dc.publisherlppmumsen_US
dc.subjectprofessional judgmenten_US
dc.subjectinstrumenen_US
dc.subjectgangguan yodiumen_US
dc.subjectgangguan perilakuen_US
dc.titlePENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN GANGGUAN PERILAKU PADA WANITA USIA PRODUKTIF DENGAN DEFISIENSI YODIUM BERBASIS PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT GROUPen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US


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