Pengolahan Koagulasi Biofilter dan Karbon Aktif Untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Limbah Cair Laundry

Abstract

Small industrial activity or informal business at this time varies in many types and variety, one of which is laundry service. Laundry business today is quite widespread in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Laundry business operationally uses detergent as cleaning agent besides water. Material which is contained in fabric softener and detergent is ammonium chloride, Linear Alkyl Sulfonate (LAS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfonate, Alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS). These materials are materials that are not environmentally friendly (non-biodegradable). Until now laundry, entrepreneurs throw away the liquid waste into water bodies, without being processed first. The purpose of this research is to identify the effect of process of biofilter and carbon active coagulation toward laundry effluent quality improvement. The research was a quasi-experimental (Quasi Experiment), using the draft "Pre-Post Test Test With Control Group Design". The objective of the research was the effluent wastes of laundry "X". The tested variable: the process of of biofilter and carbon active coagulation. The affected variables were Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The controlled variables were Characteristics and effluent sampling time of the laundry. The location of the laundry "X" was in Kajor, Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Data normality used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov followed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the significance level of p <0.05. Results of multivariate analysis showed that Anova p = 0.000 (p <0.05), so that there was a significant difference levels of BOD, COD and TSS between the treatment group and control group. After doing the process biofilter and active carbon coagulation, there was laundry effluent quality improvement for the average BOD levels was 145 mg / L to 28.27 mg / L (the quality standard was 50 mg / L); the average of COD levels was 328.29 mg / L to 70.25 mg / L (the quality standard was 125 mg / L); the average of TSS levels was 39.93 mg / L to 6.07 mg / L (the quality standard was 200 mg / L). The effectivity of biofilter and active carbon coagulation process toward the laundry effluent quality improvement for BOD was 79.01%; COD was 77.93%; and TSS was 84,19%. There were significant differences of the levels of BOD, COD and TSS between treatment groups of biofilter and active carbon coagulation with the control group toward the laundry effluent quality improvement.