Transcendental Laws: Air Transporation of Hajj and Umrah

Abstract

This article is meant to explore air transportation of hajj and umrah (minor hajj). It is consist of six items. Item one regards legal ground of air transportation such as civil aviation act of 2009, liability of air carrier includes second, third party and insurance liability; Item two regarding legal ground of hajj and umrah such as liability of air carrier including liability based on fault, presumption and strict liability regimes, contractual relationship; item three regards ratification; item four regarding Montreal convention of 1999 such as documentation, liability of air carrier, compensation, advance payment, insurance, law suit and jurisdiction; item four regards legal ground of umrah (minor hajj) such as memorandum of understanding, airlines operation, minor hajj; umrah case, item six regards Malaysia such as passengers’ liability, baggage and cargo, loss, damage or delay, cost and of other expenses and Qatar Airways case and finally conclusion and recommendation provided.