Uji Efek Anti Inflamasi Ekstrak Etil Asetat Buah Semu Jambu Mete (Anacardium Occidentale L.) terhadap Edema pada Telapak Kaki Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Karagenin

Abstract

Cashew fruit (Anacardium occidentale L.) has been studied for its ability as anti inflammation.This research aimed to determine the effect of anti inflammation ethyl acetate extract of cashew fruit (Anacardium occidentale L.) on edema in sole foot of Wistar male rats compared with natrium diclofenac.This research was a laboratory experimental using quasi experimental method. Thirty rats (2-3 month) of 150-250 gr were used in this study and divided into 6 groups (5 rats each). The rats were fasted and drinks water was given ad libidium for 18 hours. Before rats were treated, the sole foot of rats were measured by pletismometer. After 1 hours, they were injected with karagenin 0,5% 0,5ml sub plantar pedis. The edema volume in sole foot were measured every 30 minute until 300 minute. This result can be seen at AUC (Area Under Curve) expressed as mean ± SEM, the AUC0-300 was calculated and analyzed by ANOVA and continued with LSD (Least Significant Difference).This result showed that the total Area Under Curve (AUC0-300) of edema volume was 130,5 ± 2,1805 in negative control (CMC), 65,55 ± 0,67101 in positive control (natrium diclofenac), 115,8 ± 1,53428 in ethyl acetate extract of cashew fruit doses I (EEA I) equivalent to 450mg/kg BW, 75,95 ± 0,89177 in EEA II (equivalent to 900mg/kg BW), 95,7 ± 1,15715 in EEA III (equivalent to 1,8g/kg BW), and 103,65 ± 1,58658 in EEA II + Na. The statistical analysis showed that the AUC0-300 of EEA I, EEA II, EEA II and EEA II + Na were significantly (p<0,05) lower than those of negative control. The percentage of anti-inflammatory ability (%DAI) were 49,77% in positive control, 11,25% in EEA I, 41,8% in EEA II, 26,66% in EEA II ang 25,94% in EEA II + Na.It was concluded that ethyl acetate extract of cashew fruit doses 450mg/kg BW, 900mg/kg BW, 1,8g/kg BW and 900mg/kg BW + Na doses 3,375mg/kg BW have the antiinflammatory effect on edema in sole foot of Wistar male rats induced by karagenin but those are still lower than natrium diclofenac.