Effect of S/L Ratio and Particle’s Diameter on The Percentage of Extracted Polyphenol In The Extraction Polyphenol from Malang Apple Skin

Abstract

The objective of this research was to extract polyphenol from Malang apple skin in a batch stirred tank by use methanol-HCl 1% as solvent. Beside it, this research also evaluated the impact of ratio of Solid-Liquid (S/L) and particle’s diameter to percentage of extracted polyphenol. The study was conducted in three stages, namely preparation of raw materials, extraction process, and results analysis. In the preparation of material, apple skins is withered for 24 hours, crushed (size reducted) and then screen to obtain the desired particle’s size. The extraction process takes place in a batch stirred tank, which placed inside a water bath. In the extraction experiment, variation of ratio of Solid-Liquid are 7.5:100; 10:100; 15:100; 10:150; 10:200 (w/v) and average diameter of particles are 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 mesh. The process of extraction polyphenol from apple skin for each ratio S/L and diameter of particles is run at temperature 70oC during 4 hours. As much as 1 mL samples were taken every 30 minute interval. The polyphenol concentration measured using spectrophotometer. The results showed that the polyphenol can be extracted methanol-HCl 1% from Malang apple skin well. The percentage of extracted polyphenol increased by decreasing diameter of particles at constants temperature, stirring speed and ratio of Solid-Liquid (S/L). The highest percentage is 12.93% for particle’s diameter is 20 mesh. Increasing S/L also decreased the percentage of polyphenol. The highest percentage obtained at S/L 10:200(w/v) is 21.58%.