KEBIJAKAN REZIM OTORITER TERHADAP ISLAM POLITIK (Studi Kasus Rezim Soeharto Indonesia dan Anwar Sadat Mesir)

Abstract

This dissertation titled “The Policies of Authoritarian Regimes towards Political Islam: A Case Study on Soeharto’s and Anwar Sadat’s Regimes” attempts to answer this question: what policies towards Political Islam were adopted by Soeharto’s and Sadat’s regimes and what are the similarities and differences between both of them as well as their underlying factors? This dissertation is a library research with qualitative data using de-scriptive, interpretative, and analytical approaches based on the theory of policy. The poli-cies of both regimes are classified into two broad strategies, namely: first, the subjugation of Political Islam’s power (through two modes: a. violence and marginalization; and b. propa-ganda and image politics); second, the accommodation of Political Islam (through two modes: social and religious appeasement; and legislative policy appeasement). Those policies are significantly of similar style and aim but different in terms of order and tactic of implementa-tion. In general, those policies are equally pragmatic and realistic for maximizing the regime’s strength and gains and outrivaling all powers of Political Islam with view of achieving the state’s political stability and avoiding the emergence of legitimacy crisis owing to domestic situations. Therefore, the researcher refers to such policies as hegemonic regime’s domestic political stability strategy.