PROTOTYPE LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL YANG BERPOTENSI MEMUNCULKAN BENCANA RUANG KOTA (STUDI KASUS KOTA SOLO)

Abstract

The background of the study is a highly frequency of „amuk massa‟ (mass amok) phenomenon in the city of Solo in the last several decades. This study explores about the urban social disaster in the city of Solo during in the growth period, from 1740 to 2000. The aim of this research is not only to clarify of those social conflicts, but also to explore the several process of „amuk massa‟ (riot, chaos, disturbance). The research is focused on the various backgrounds and impacts of the urban social disaster. The method of study is conducted by the historical-archeology, a rationalistic paradigm inquiry. This study finds that there are 26 accidents during 1740-2000 (260 years). The other finding is a formula of an urban social disaster or named as the manifest conflict formula. The formula can be described as follows: the manifest conflict (fm) is actually caused by the combining of both latent conflict (fl) and trigger (ft). This formula can be written as: (fm)=(fl)+(ft). When the latent conflict occurs very tense, the manifest conflict is actually very easy to happen, even if only a little trigger being in trading, traffic or sport. The bigger the latent conflict occurs, the easier the manifest conflict happens. However, this study finds that the urban social disaster appears in every 10 years during 1740-2000, while the victims of every accident are always seem in the collapse buildings, the dying people or the chaotic environment. According to the latest serial data, the main factor of latent conflicts are conducted by economic-disparity, social-leaderless and hypocrite-culture; while the several triggers are conducted by the activity of socio-politic, socio-economic and socio-culture. On the other hand, the research hasn‟t studied about the parameter and indicator of each formula. Accordingly, the result of study suggests taking the advance research which explores the parameter and indicator of the each formula factors.