Ektraksi Minyak Atsiri dari Bunga Cengkeh dengan Pelarut Etanol dan N-Heksana

Abstract

Clove oil is one of the most i mportan t essential oil in the world du e to the biological activities an d the wide use f or medical therapies and f ine chemicals raw material. Solvent extraction of essential oil from clove bud using ethanol and n-hexane has been explored. The objective of this stud y was to evaluate the effect of extraction time, ratio of clove bud and so lvent, and k ind of solvent on the clove essential yield, density, refractive index and compo sition. The extraction times were f or 3, 6 , an d 9 hours using ethanol an d n-hexane as solvents. Clove bud an d solvent weight ratio were tested at 1;5, 1:10 and 1:15. It was showed that by using ethanolan d n-hexane, extraction time aff ect the yield. The ra tio of clove bud and ethanol so lvent also affected the yield at low ratio (1 :5 an d 1:10), however an increase of ratio increased slightly the yield. Five compo unds in the clove oil ha ve been identified, sho wing that the compo sition of the clove oil extracted was impa cted by k ind of solvent. Ethano l extracted more eugenol than n-hexan e.