Epsitemologi Humanisme Islam dan Relevansinya Bagi Kehidupan Kontemporer: Kajian Pemikiran Mohammed Arkoun
Abstract
Epistemology (theory of knowledge) is an essensial problem in human life. As we know beyond
attitude, mentality, mindset and human action are often moved by certain epistemology. Problem of
epistemology becomes significant when it’s built by the sacred textes of religion. Islam as a religion
has vital role in building islamic epistemology, culture and civilization.
One of the epistemological problems in Islam is when the sacred textes only understood textually
and a-historically. Another problems is the gap between what is believed and desired in Islam and
what really exists in the reality of human life that constandly changes in praxis-epistemology. Both
of them that practically have caused epistemological reduction or caused the epistemological
narrowmindedness. The epistemological problem in case of Islam becomes more crucial and
complex when Islam as a religion and as source of knowledge changes as ideology and it’s claimed
as the most credible and true.
Such epistemological problems in islamic thought and praxis and scientific civilization often
becomes counter productive and have established a culture system of exclusion (system culturel
d’exclusion). According to Mohammed Arkoun there are the problems of normativities in terresterial
history (tarikh al-ardhiyy). The historical facts and Islamic knowledge bases are dismantled and rethought
by
Mohammed
Arkoun
and
then
he
tries
to
construct
a
more
humane
form
of
epistemology.
He
criticizes
the
reality
of
epistemology
exclusively
and
offers
the
synthesis
of
more
flexible
Islamic
humanism
thinking. This article want to try the epistemology of islamic humanism in Arkoun’s
thought and its relevant with conteporary life.