Ektraksi Minyak Atsiri dari Bunga Cengkeh dengan Pelarut Etanol Dan N-Heksana

Abstract

Clove oil is one of the most important essential oil in the world due to the biological activities and the wide use for medical therapies and f ine chemicals raw material. Solvent extraction of essential oil from clove bud using ethanol and n-hexane has been explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extraction time, ratio of clove bud and solvent, and kind of solvent on the clove essential yield, density, refractive index and composition. The extraction times were for 3, 6, and 9 hours using ethanol and n-hexane as solvents. Clove bud and solvent weight ratio were tested at 1;5, 1:10 and 1:15.It was showed that by using ethanoland n-hexane, extraction time affect the yield. The ratio of clove bud and ethanol solvent also affectedthe yield at low ratio (1:5 and 1:10), however an increase of ratio increased slightlythe yield. Five compounds in the clove oil have been identified, showing that the composition of the clove oil extracted was impacted by kind of solvent. Ethanol extracted more eugenol than n-hexane.